Icing
Icing in nature can happen mainly in two different ways: by in-cloud icing or precipitation icing.
In-cloud icing happens when water freezes from a cloud or fog. In-cloud icing happens when there are clouds or fog, that is below zero degrees. These clouds have super-cooled droplets in them, which freeze upon contact with the surface.
Precipitation icing happens when a liquid water drops fall on a surface and then freeze. Precipitation icing happens during rain or snowfall, when the precipitation freezes as it contacts the surface. If temperature is between 0 and 3 degrees Celsius, then the falling snowflakes contain liquid water, which enables them to bond weakly with each other. After this, the bond strengthens when temperature drops below zero degrees Celsius. Rain causes precipitation icing when the temperature is below zero. This happens for example with freezing rain.
Most apparent effect on icing is temperature, which has to be under zero degrees Celsius for water to freeze. Second thing needed for ice is water, so there needs to be enough humidity, for example rain, for ice to form. Snow can also form ice, especially when combined with liquid water. Wind is also an important factor in ice formation.
More on this topic: atmospheric icing
References
- ↑ J. Carmichael. Wikimedia commons. Public domain. 2009. Tree branch after ice storm.JPG
- ↑ Jin, J. Y. (2021) Study of Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Wind Turbine Blades. UiT Norges arktiske universitet. Online. https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/22115
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 THE RATE AT WHICH RAIN FREEZES IN A FREEZING RAIN EVENT, The weather prediction, webpage, available (accessed 29.2.2021): http://www.theweatherprediction.com/habyhints/210/
- ↑ Thorsson, P. et al. (2015) Modelling atmospheric icing: A comparison between icing calculated with measured meteorological data and NWP data. Cold regions science and technology. [Online] 119124–131.
- ↑ Ingvaldsen, K. (2017) Atmospheric icing in a changing climate: Impact of higher boundary temperatures on simulations of atmospheric ice accretion on structures during the 2015-2016 icing winter in West-Norway.