Glycol
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The two main antifreezes additives are ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. Usually used in car engine as coolant and to avoid winter freezing, ethylene glycol has a freezing point of -12,9°C and propylene glycol -59°C. They are both biodegradables and they break down into carbon dioxide and water[1]. Ethylene glycol is hazardous for human and wildlife in case of ingestion [2]. On the contrary, propylene glycol has the same properties as ethylene glycol, but is recognized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as generally safe. [3]
References
- ↑ NORA, 2021. Antifreeze Information. [Online] Available at: https://www.noranews.org/page/AntifreezeInfo [Accessed 6 oct 2021].
- ↑ Thermo Fisher Scientific, 2010. Satefy Data Sheet - Ethylene Glycol. [Online] Available at: https://www.fishersci.com/msdsproxy%3FproductName%3DE1774%26productDescription%3DET HYLENE%2BGLYCOL%2BLABORATORY%2B4L%26catNo%3DE177- 4%2B%26vendorId%3DVN00033897%26storeId%3D10652 [Accessed 27 May 2020].
- ↑ ATSDR, 1997. Public Health Statement - Propylene Glycol. [Online] Available at: https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp189-c1-b.pdf
- ↑ Investigating surface coating effects on the ice adhesion behavior of woodchips. Julien Walser, Novia University of Applied Sciences. 2021. Novia Publikation och produktion, serie R: Rapporter 4/2021.