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[[File:Cc.jpg|thumb|391x391px|Cold climate classification<ref name=":0">Ian Baring-Gould, René Cattin, Michael Durstewitz, Mira Hulkkonen, Andreas Krenn, Timo Laakso, Antoine Lacroix, Esa Peltola, Göran Ronsten, Lars Tallhaug, and Tomas Wallenius, IEA Wind Recommended Practice 13: Wind Energy in Cold Climates, IEA Wind Task XIX, VTT, Finland, 2012.</ref>]] | [[File:Cc.jpg|thumb|391x391px|Cold climate classification<ref name=":0">Ian Baring-Gould, René Cattin, Michael Durstewitz, Mira Hulkkonen, Andreas Krenn, Timo Laakso, Antoine Lacroix, Esa Peltola, Göran Ronsten, Lars Tallhaug, and Tomas Wallenius, IEA Wind Recommended Practice 13: Wind Energy in Cold Climates, IEA Wind Task XIX, VTT, Finland, 2012.</ref>]] | ||
Installed wind turbines in the CC regions has increased. Estimated wind energy capacity in ice prone CC is about 60 GW. Atmospheric ice accretion and low ambient temperatures pose special challenges for wind energy industry in the CC regions, which can lead to reduction in the energy yield, shortens the mechanical lifespan of wind turbines, increase the total costs, and also increases safety risk due to potential ice throw etc. | Installed wind turbines in the CC regions has increased. Estimated wind energy capacity in ice prone CC is about 60 GW. Atmospheric ice accretion and low ambient temperatures pose special challenges for wind energy industry in the CC regions, which can lead to reduction in the energy yield, shortens the mechanical lifespan of wind turbines, increase the total costs, and also increases safety risk due to potential ice throw etc. | ||
<ref name=":0" /> <ref>Muhammad S. Virk, Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Non-Rotating Circular Cylinder, The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 197 – 205, 2011.</ref> <ref>B. Tammelin, A. Böhringer, M. Cavaliere, H. Holttinen, C. Morgan, H. Seifert, K. Säntti, P. Vølund, Wind energy production in cold climate (WECO), Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, 2000.</ref> | <ref name=":0" /> <ref>Muhammad S. Virk, Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Non-Rotating Circular Cylinder, The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 197 – 205, 2011.</ref> <ref>B. Tammelin, A. Böhringer, M. Cavaliere, H. Holttinen, C. Morgan, H. Seifert, K. Säntti, P. Vølund, Wind energy production in cold climate (WECO), Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, 2000.</ref> <ref>Jin, J. Y. (2021) Study of Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Wind Turbine Blades. UiT Norges arktiske universitet. Online. <nowiki>https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/22115</nowiki></ref> | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 14:49, 1 February 2022
CC - Cold climate
Installed wind turbines in the CC regions has increased. Estimated wind energy capacity in ice prone CC is about 60 GW. Atmospheric ice accretion and low ambient temperatures pose special challenges for wind energy industry in the CC regions, which can lead to reduction in the energy yield, shortens the mechanical lifespan of wind turbines, increase the total costs, and also increases safety risk due to potential ice throw etc.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ian Baring-Gould, René Cattin, Michael Durstewitz, Mira Hulkkonen, Andreas Krenn, Timo Laakso, Antoine Lacroix, Esa Peltola, Göran Ronsten, Lars Tallhaug, and Tomas Wallenius, IEA Wind Recommended Practice 13: Wind Energy in Cold Climates, IEA Wind Task XIX, VTT, Finland, 2012.
- ↑ Muhammad S. Virk, Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Non-Rotating Circular Cylinder, The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 197 – 205, 2011.
- ↑ B. Tammelin, A. Böhringer, M. Cavaliere, H. Holttinen, C. Morgan, H. Seifert, K. Säntti, P. Vølund, Wind energy production in cold climate (WECO), Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, 2000.
- ↑ Jin, J. Y. (2021) Study of Atmospheric Ice Accretion on Wind Turbine Blades. UiT Norges arktiske universitet. Online. https://munin.uit.no/handle/10037/22115